Le chèque comme outil du Nouveau Management Public dans les collectivités locales françaises

The arrival and diffusion of vouchers as tools of targeting of public subsidies in French local government is linked with the notions of « vouchers » invented in the 1960s by Milton Friedman. Shown as neutral tools by their French users (politicians and civil servants), the research has made clearer the parenthood with between the vouchers of the two sides of the Atlantic as tools of New Public Management which are endowed with a very liberal image. These tools have spread among the French local governments without any debates. The present study has tried to explain this appearance within a great silence.